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Inside this issue:

Risks factors for Coronary
Artery Disease

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Risks factors for Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery diseases is a leading cause of morbidity (inability to function as normal individuals) and mortality (loss of life as a result of myocardial infraction commonly known as heart attack) in both men and women. The disease process occurs as a result of blockade of the blood supply to the heart. Certain individuals have more chances of having this incapacitating disease simply because they have more risk factors. Just by having the knowledge of what these risk factors are, the potentially serious complications of this disease can be prevented.

Hypertension
27% of American adults have hypertension ( >140/90) and another 31% have prehypertension (>120/80). Besides taking the blood pressure medications on the advice of a doctor, simple measures can help lower the blood pressure. These include

Maintain normal weight or lose weight
Increase physical activity
Decrease salt intake to 1.5 gms /day (reducing the intake of processed (foods)
Increase potassium intake to 1.5 gms/day (use of fruits and vegetables)
Decreasing the amount of alcohol intake to no more than 2 drinks in men and 1 drink in women.

Hyperlipidemia
Decreasing the amount of daily fat intake in the diet can prevent this.
Cholesterol less than 200mg Saturated fats less than 7%.

Cigarette Smoking
Smoking increases blood pressure, decreases exercise tolerance and increases the tendency of the blood to clot. Stopping smoking is the single most preventable cause of death and myocardial infraction.

Excess weight
Overweight and obesity reduces the life span of an individual by 3-5 years. It also increases the risk of having hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia, which are modifiable risk factors of coronary artery disease.

Sedentary life style
Men and women who do not exercise have twice the risk of dying from heart disease. Simple measures like walking for 30 minutes before breakfast or after dinner can significantly reduce the risk.

Stress
Emotional stress and anxiety make the heart work harder. Taking simple measures to reduce stress like taking time for yourself in a relaxed atmosphere, regular exercise can significantly reduce the stress.

Diabetes Mellitus
Better control of blood sugar by simply following the advice of your doctor can significantly reduce the risk of having coronary artery disease.

Use of oral contraceptives in women
Females who do no have other risk factors like smoking, drinking, diabetes mellitus, and obesity may use low doses of oral contraceptives.

Non modifiable risk factors
Increasing Age
Family history of coronary artery disease
Male gender
African-American race

There are certain risk factors which are non modifiable like increasing age, family history of coronary artery disease, male gender and African-American race.
Even in the presence of non modifiable risk factors coronary artery disease can be controlled and prevented by being aware of modifiable risk factors.Back To Home Page